Introduction to Wheel Loader.

1. Main functions

It is main function is to shovel loose materials and transport short distances. It is one of the fastest growing, production and sales and market demand of construction machinery. We usually see the most is the wheel loader, and it is the opposite of the crawler loader. Compared with the caterpillar type, it has the advantages of good maneuverability, no damage to the road surface and easy operation. So wheel loaders are widely used.

2. Main structure

The loader is generally composed of frame, power transmission system, walking device, working device, steering brake device, hydraulic system and control system. The torque converter 2 of engine 1 is transmitted to gearbox 14, and the gearbox transmits the power through the transmission shaft 13 and 16 to the front and rear axle 10, respectively, to drive the wheels. The internal combustion engine power also works through the transfer box to drive the hydraulic pump 3. The working device is composed of boom 6, rocker arm 7, connecting rod 8, bucket 9, boom hydraulic cylinder 12 and rocker hydraulic cylinder 5. One end of the boom is hinged on the frame, and the other end is installed with a bucket. The lifting of the boom is driven by the boom hydraulic cylinder, and the turnover of the bucket is realized by the rotary bucket hydraulic cylinder through the rocker arm and connecting rod. The frame 11 is composed of two parts, the middle is connected by the hinge pin 4, relying on the steering hydraulic cylinder can make the front and rear frame relative rotation around the hinge pin to achieve steering.

From the overall structure of the loader, it can be seen that the loader can be divided into: power system, mechanical system, hydraulic system, control system.

As an organic whole, the performance of the loader is not only related to the performance of the mechanical parts of the working device, but also related to the performance of the hydraulic system and control system.

3. How it works

Power system: the primary power of the loader is generally provided by the diesel engine, the diesel engine has the characteristics of reliable work, hard power characteristic curve, fuel economy, etc., in line with the requirements of the loader working conditions are harsh and the load is changeable.

Mechanical system: mainly includes walking device, steering mechanism and working device. Hydraulic system: The function of the system is to convert the mechanical energy of the engine into hydraulic energy with fuel as the medium, and then transfer it to the oil cylinder and the oil motor to transform it into mechanical energy.

Control system: The control system is a system that controls the engine, hydraulic pump, multi-way reversing valve and executive components. Hydraulic control drive mechanism is a device that converts small power electrical energy or mechanical energy into powerful power hydraulic energy and mechanical energy in hydraulic control system. It is composed of hydraulic power amplifier element, hydraulic actuator element and load, and is the core of static and dynamic analysis in hydraulic system.